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National Conference on Control, Communication and Power Systems - 2017 (NC3PS-2017)

Paper Title :: A fully automated Librarian Robot
Author Name :: Jagannatha K B, Sourya Bhattacharya || Sharath HVR, Vinay S Kathare
Country :: India
Page Number :: 01-04
With growth in technology, follows a substantial rise in technological knowledge, and this gives rise to better products, and more sources to gain the necessary skills from. Modern day technology involves simplification of human lives, which has caused the rise of several gadgets around us. Today, modern libraries employ the usage of robots, to carry out the fundamental tasks of a human librarian, thereby saving time, effort and costs. The largest libraries do more than just store books and newspapers on their shelves. When a library collection contains millions of documents, it needs complex and highly sophisticated logistical systems in order to serve its readers‟ requests. It needs library robots In many libraries, amazing automated transportation and robotic retrieval systems are behind every book you receive from your librarian. Peek far behind the walls of the familiar reading rooms into the seemingly endless rows of stainless steel shelves, data centres, and intelligent servants that deliver humankind‟s collective knowledge. In our paper, we aim to develop such a low-cost solution for a simple robot that employs an optimized algorithm for accurate book selection.
Keywords: Automated robots, Robotics,
[1] Vipulata M. Lande, Shraddha S. Chauhan, Ashwini S. Kalbande, "AUTOMATED LIBRARY SYSTEM USING ROBOTIC ARM", International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 2, February 2015.
[2] M. Benisha, P. Deepika, L.M. Merlin Livingston,"A NOVEL SMART LIBRARIAN ROBOT",International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and Communication Engineering (IJARECE) , Volume 5, Issue 5, May 2016.
[3] Arumugaraja.M, GugaPriya B, Soundarya.M,"LIBRARY MANAGEMENT ROBOT", International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242 Volume 3 Issue 3 March, 2014 Page No. 5008-5012.
[4] A. Gräser et al.,"A supportive FRIEND at work: robotic workplace assistance for the Disabled," IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine,. 20, 148-159. 2013
[5] T. Tomizawa, A. Ohya and S. Yuta, "Remote book browsing system using a mobile manipulator,"in IEEE International conference on robotics and automation. 2003.

Paper Title :: An Algorithm to Detect Emotion States and Stress Levels Using EEG Signals
Author Name :: Thejaswini S || Dr. K M Ravi Kumar || Abijith Vijayendra || Rupali Shyam || Preethi D Anchan || Ekanth Gowda
Country :: India
Page Number :: 05-12
Emotions are an essential part of the human mental and physical state. Hence it is vital to understand it especially in the case of individuals who cannot express it verbally. Similarly prolonged feeling of negative emotions may lead to stress which can further lead to a number of mental health issues. With the increasing number of people undergoing stress it is vital to be able to detect it at an early stage and help people realize and rectify it before much damage is done. In this paper, a detailed survey of the various methods used in emotion and stress detection using EEG signals are presented. Also, a sample algorithm is proposed to discuss the various stages of the emotion recognition and stress analysis process. The publicly available SEED (SJTU Emotion EEG Dataset) and DEAP (Database for Emotion Analysis using Physiological signals) is used to extract features in time domain and time-frequency domain using discrete wavelet transform(DWT). The features then extracted are reduced using a feature selection process. These selected features are classified into three different states (positive, neutral and negative) using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) classifier to obtain an accuracy of about 84%. Further the stress levels are computed based on the arousal and valence scores of each of these emotional states. The stress levels are quantified and identified as high, medium and low.
KEYWORDS: Brain Computer Interface, Electroencephalogram, Artificial Neural Networks, Emotions, Stress
[1] AnirudhVallabhaneni, Tao Wang, and Bin He, Brain-Computer Interface, Neural Engineering, Springer US 2005, pages 85--121
[2] JohnAtkinsona, and Daniel Campos, Improving BCI-Based Emotion Recognition By Combining EEG Feature Selection And Kernel Classifiers, Expert Systems With Applications Journal 43, Elsevier, pp : 35 – 41, 2016. [3] Jingxin Liu, HongyingMeng, Asoke Nandi and Maozhen Li, Emotion Detection from EEG Recordings, 12th International IEEE Conference on Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (ICNC-FSKD) 2016. [4] Adnan MehmoodBhatti, Muhammad Majid and Syed Muhammad Anwar, Human Emotion Recognition And Analysis In Response To Audio Music Using Brain Signals, Computers in Human Behavior journal 65, Elsevier, pp : 267-275, 2016. [5] PawełTarnowski, MarcinKołodziej, AndrzejMajkowski and Remigiusz J. Rak, An Innovative Approach to Classification of Emotions in EEG Signal for the use in neuromarketing Research, 12th IASTED International Conference Biomedical Engineering February 15 - 16, 2016 Innsbruck, Austria.

Paper Title :: Antenna Design Strategies for DSRC Radar
Author Name :: Sathya Ganesh Sharma R || Nihal R Mandi || Mayank Hasmukh Bhai Patel || K Kaushik Devaiah || Thyagaraj T
Country :: India
Page Number :: 13-18
DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) is a two-way short- to- medium-range wireless communications capability that permits very high data transmission critical in communications-based active safety applications. In Report and Order FCC-03-324, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated 75 MHz of spectrum in the 5.9 GHz band for use by Intelligent Transportations Systems (ITS) vehicle safety (V2V) and mobility applications (V2I). A conformal design is one that follows any prescribed shape. Hence our antenna design can be mounted in any small part like the bonnet, car manufacturer logo, etc. Thus, by combining the conformal nature of an antenna with DSRC, a robust system for V2V communication can be created and explored.
Keywords: Conformal, DSRC, Front grill, Intelligent Transport Systems, Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication.
[1] Kenney, John B. "Dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) standards in the United States." Proceedings of the IEEE 99.7 (2011): 1162-1182.
[2] Li, Yunxin Jeff. "An overview of the DSRC/WAVE technology." International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
[3] Kudoh, Y. "DSRC standards for multiple applications." Proceedings of 11th world congress on ITS. 2004.
[4] Ghafari, Elias, et al. "A vehicular rooftop, shark-fin, multiband antenna for the GPS/LTE/cellular/DSRC systems." Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (APWC), 2014 IEEE-APS Topical Conference on. IEEE, 2014.
[5] Varum, Tiago, João Nuno Matos, and Pedro Pinho. "Printed antenna for on-board unit of a DSRC system." Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), 2011 IEEE International Symposium on. IEEE, 2011.

Paper Title :: Design and Analysis of Multiband Antenna using Square shaped EBG structures
Author Name :: Banuprakash .R || Archana A. R || Rachana Pai || Raksha Hegde || T. N Srinidhi
Country :: India
Page Number :: 19-24
In this paper, multiband microstrip patch antenna using square and Psi shaped Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures have been compared and analysed.Arranging the EBG structures in various designs provides multiple frequencies suitable for wide range of applications.The aim of this paper is to compare the results obtained by using different number of EBG structures and to study the performance of antenna in terms of frequency and VSWR.Therefore single antenna which supports multiple frequencies is obtained.The simulated results shows that the designed antennas gives best performance by analysing the VSWR values which is very close to the ideal value, 1.
KEYWORDS: EBG structures, Multiband, Patch antenna, HFSS
[1]. Banuprakash .R, Bhavya L R, Thanushree S, Subhash B K, G Sharathkumar, "Design and Analysis of Reconfigurable Microstrip patch antenna using Electronic Band Gap Structure", 2016.
[2]. Sandeep Palreddy, "Wideband Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) Structures, Analysis and Applications to Antennas", May 1, 2015.
[3]. MojtabaFallahpour, Mohammad TayebGhasr, and R. Zoughi, "Miniaturized Reconfigurable Multiband Antenna for Multiradio Wireless Communication" IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, no. 12, December 2014, pp 6049 - 6059.
[4]. J.T. Bernhard. (2007). Reconfigurable Antennas. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. doi: 10.2200/ S0006 7ED1V01 Y2007 07ANT004.
[5]. Dalia M.N. Elsheakh, Hala A. Elsadek and Esmat A. Abdallah, "Antenna Designs with Electromagnetic Band Gap Structures", Electronics Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.

Paper Title :: Design and Implementation of Programmed Motion in a Vehicle Using Brain Wave Signals
Author Name :: Arvind Iyer || Mahesh Babu || Snehal Chandra || Thejas N || Dr. Jayadeva G. S.
Country :: India
Page Number :: 25-31
This paper presents the results of efforts towards understanding the current scenario of brain computer robots and the associated technologies. Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI‟s) are systems that can bypass conventional channels of communication (i.e., muscles and thoughts) to provide direct communication and control between the human brain and physical devices by translating different patterns of brain activity into commands in real time. With these commands a mobile robot can be controlled. An attempt is made to study the pertinent literature and test the workability of hardware to meet the basic requirements of BCI‟s.
Key words: EEG Sensor, Relay Driver, Embedded platform, communication module, image acquisition module, BCI-Brain computer interface.
[1] Luzheng Bi, Xin-An Fan, Yili Liu "EEG-Based Brain-controlled Mobile Robots: A survey", Human-Machine Systems, IEEE Transactions on (Volume:43, Issue:2), pp. 161-176, Mar 2013.
[2] Kale Swapnil T, MahajanSadanand P, RaksheBalu G, Prof. N.K.Bhandari "Robot Navigation control through EEG Based Signals" International Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN:2319-7242 Volume 3 Issue 3 March-2014 Page No. 5105-5108.
[3] Priyanka.MManjuPaarkavi.RDhanasekhar.S "An Intelligent Acoustic Communication System for Aphasia Forbearings" International Conference on Signal Processing, Embedded System and Communication Technologies and their applications for Sustainable and Renewable Energy (ICSECSRE ‟14), Vol. 3, Special Issue 3, April 2014.
[4] John Jonides, Patricia A. Reuter-Lorenz, Edward E.Smith, Edward Awh, Lisa L.Barnes, Maxwell drain, Jennifer Glass, Erick J.Lauber, Andrea L.Patalano, Eric H.Schumacher, "Verbal and Spatial Working Memory in Humans" The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol.35.
[5] I.I. Goncharova, D.J. McFarland, T.M. Vaughan, J.R. Wolpaw "EMG contamination of EEG: spectral and topographical characteristics" Clinical Neurophysiology 114 (2003) 1580–1593.

Paper Title :: Design and Performance Analysis of Planar Inverted-F Antenna for RF Communication
Author Name :: Banuprakash R || H Ganapathy Hebbar || Deepak Narayan A || Pavan Kumar R || Sapthagiri SV || Abhijith CP
Country :: India
Page Number :: 32-35
In this paper a study for the designing of Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) for handheld devices has been proposed. The proposed antenna includes the ground plane of dimension 35mm × 37mm and the top radiating plane of 28mm × 24mm. The final proposed antenna shows a multiband behaviour in the frequency range of 1-6 GHz covering Wi-Fi/Bluetooth 802.11g (2.4 GHz), m- Wi-MAX (2.5 GHz), Wi-MAX (3.5 GHz) and Wi-Fi 802.11a (5.2 GHz) communication standards.
Keywords: HFSS, PIFA, Shorting plate.
[1] Sahil Saini, Rupleen Kaur, Naveen Kumar, Pooja Sahni "A Parametric Study of Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) for Mobile Application" International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN), pp: 557 -561, 2016.
[2] SaqerAl Ja'afreh, Yi Huang, Lei Xing "Low profile and wideband planar inverted- Fantenna with polarization and pattern diversities" IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Volume:10, pp:152-161, 2016.
[3] Amal Bouazizi, Ghada Zaibi, Nejah Nasri, Mounir Samet, Abdennaceur Kachouri "Parametric study of implant able planar inverted- F antenna for wireless body are a network application" International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP), pp:398- 402, 2016.
[4] RaefatJalila El Bakouchi, Abdelilah Ghammaz, "A Quad-Band Compact PIFA Operating in the GSM 1800/GSM1900/UMTS/LTE2300/LTE2500/2.4-GHz WLAN Bands for Mobile Terminals" Third World Conference on Complex Systems (WCCS), pp: 1 -4, 2015.
[5] Mohammad Monirujjaman Khan, Sirajum Monir Parvez, A. K. Ohadin Nabi, Salsabil-E-Zinnath Bristi "On and off-body radio channel performance of a dual band Planar Inverted-F Antenna" International Conference on Informatics, Electronics & Vision (ICIEV), pp:1-4, 2014.

Paper Title :: Design of Proprietary Protocol in Wireless Communication Network Foe Bus Bunching Avoidance System
Author Name :: Ambika R || Bharath M K || Kavyashree C || Surabhi Lakhotia || Vani G
Country :: India
Page Number :: 36-39
The primary challenge for an urban bus system is to maintain constant headways between bus systems. In this work, we study a problem which has been bothering both passengers and operators in the public transportation system known as the bus bunching problem. It typically means 2 or more buses of same service route getting too close together so that they "bunch each other". It is undesired because it usually increases the waiting time of passengers before and after the arrival of the bunched buses. We analyse the cause of the bus bunching problem, and propose a new solution by designing proprietary packet protocols for wireless communication between buses and bus stands.
[1]. Design and implementation of adaptive public transport system with low cost, Wireless link and specialized protocol, by Ranjana D. Raut, Vineet Kumar Goyal, and Nikhil Arora, pp.121-124,Journal Vol. 3 No.1, January-June 2012.
[2]. Design and implementation of intelligent public transport system based on GIS, by Wang X Xiaolei, Yan Shunxi. International Conference on Electric Information and Control Engineering, pp. 4024 – 4027, Published in 2011.
[3]. Transport Commons: A Community Based Public Transport System by Safaei, F. IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.1-5, VTC Spring 2012.
[4]. A Bus Management System Based on ZigBee and GSM/GPRS by LV ZHIAN HU HAN. 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling, pp. V7210-213, ICCASM 2010.
[5]. Estimation of Bus Travel Time Incorporating Dwell Time for APTS Applications by R.P.S Padmanaban, Lelitha Vanajakshi, and Shankar C. Subramanian. Pp 955-959, Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IEEE, June2009

Paper Title :: Drowsiness detection and alarm system using Raspberry Pi
Author Name :: Dr.A.ShobhaRani || Komal G Singh || Vishnu BT || Sai Mukunda S || Vinayaka Bhat
Country :: India
Page Number :: 36-43
The increasing mortality rate can be posed due to several factors with road accidents being one of the foremost reasons. Road accidents could be attributed to the drivers speeding, recklessness or drivers fatigue resulting from sleep deprivation or sleep disorders. A module which analysis, detects and warns the driver forms the basis of a system that could considerably reduce road accidents. This paper talks about one such module constructed which captures and analysis the eye movements using the functions in the Open CV library, this includes the open or closed state of eyes, and then fatigue is determined based on the various states of eye. Next the data is processed using a specific technique known as the Haar-cascade technique through a series of algorithms and outputs the result as a warning using a buzzer. Vision based driver fatigue detection using image processing method is an easy, non-intrusive and convenient technique to monitor driver's vigilance.
Keywords: Drowsiness, Eye closure, Haar-cascade, Image processing, Open CV
[1]. ArunSahayadhas, Kenneth Sundaraj and MurugappanMurugappan, "Detecting Driver Drowsiness Based on Sensors: A Review",2012 sensors
[2]. Syed Imran Ali, Dr. K.N. Modi, Dr. Prashant Singh Sameer Jain," An Efficient System to Identify User Attentiveness Based on Fatigue Detection", 2014, International Conference on Information Systems and Computer Networks.
[3]. Mohammad Amin Assari, Mohammad Rahmati, "Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Face Expression Recognition". 2011, IEEE International Conference on Signal and Image Processing Applications (ICSIPA2011).
[4]. Osama Rizwan, Hamza Rizwan, MudassarEjaz, "Development of an Efficient System for Vehicle Accident Warning", IEEE Transactions-2013.
[5]. Chih-Jer Lin, Chih-Hao Ding, Chung-Chi Liu and Ying-Lung Liu, "Development of a real-time drowsiness warning system based on an embedded system",2015, IEEE Transactions.

Paper Title :: Efficient Technique for Speed and Temperature Controlling In Smart Car
Author Name :: Prof. Deepa N Reddy || Bharath R || Dhamini Shetty C M || Sushma Itagi || Yashaswini S
Country :: India
Page Number :: 44-51
This paper uses a "Smart Car" as the platform for intelligent control research. The name Smart Car because its ability to reduce the requirement of driver's attention by carrying out most of the activities like parking, collision avoidance, driving, communicating with neighbouring vehicles etc. In this paper, the three aspects which are projected are Speed controlling, Temperature controlling and self-driving to a destination using GPS system. The controlling of the smart car includes: The extraction of path information, self-driving with direction and speed control. And a small addition to this Smart Car is Temperature Controlling. Nowadays, temperature variations are more due to which switching of fan (or AC) is done frequently. Henceforth, automation makes this task more convenient and easier.
[1]. Car speed measurement based on ultrasonic Doppler's ground speed sensors. Published in: CAD Systems in Microelectronics (CADSM), 2011 11th International Conference the Experience of Designing and Application of Date of Conference: 23-25 Feb. 2011. Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 07 April 2011
[2]. Pooja Singal DCSA, MDU, Rohatk , R.S.Chhillar HOD, DCSA, MDU, Rohatk, Dijkstra Shortest Path Algorithm using Global Positioning System, September 2014
[3]. Automatic head-on anti-collision system for vehicles using wireless communication. Published in: Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA), 2014 IEEE International Symposium on .Date of Conference: 15-16 Dec. 2014 .Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 12 October 2015
[4]. Environmental awareness around vehicle using ultrasonic sensors. Published in: Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), 2016 International Conference on .Date of Conference: 21-24 Sept. 2016 .Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 03 November 2016
[5]. Simulating the effect of ultrasonic ranging errors on parallel parking performance . Published in:Rohit Garg; Gabriele S. Zanardo; Roman Schmied; Luigi del Re .2016 3rd International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications (ACTEA) Year: 2016

Paper Title :: Fabrication of Ultra Wideband Antenna Array
Author Name :: Vinutha.B || Aman Sinsinwar || Harsharjuna N || Nithin R || Sai Teja K V
Country :: India
Page Number :: 52-55
Wireless technology is one of the main areas of research in the world of communication systems today and a study of communication systems is incomplete without an understanding of the operation and fabrication of antennas. In modern communication devices over conventional antenna, ultra wide band antennas are commonly used due to their ultra wide frequency bandwidth, low power transmission level and secure and reliable communication solutions. Here three Ultra Wideband antennae are designed. The first designed antenna is a single pentagonal patch antenna. The second proposed UWB antenna has two pentagon patches with each having separate feeds designed to cover the frequency band from 6.3 GHz to 40 GHz. The UWB capability of antenna is achieved with the help of array of pentagon antenna. The simulated results give return loss lower than -10dBi over the entire range. The third proposed antenna also has two pentagon patches but a common feed designed to cover the frequency range of 8 GHz to 12.5 GHZ. It is achieving return loss lower than -15 dBi over the entire range reaching -40 dBi at 10.6 GHz and 11.5 GHz.
KEYWORDS: Antenna, Antenna Array, Multi Frequency, Single and Dual Feed, Ultra Wideband Antenna.
[1] Narayan Agnihotri, Karthikeya G. S., Syed Saad Siddiq, "Super Wideband Conformal Antenna Array On Cylindrical Surface", IEEE Microwave, Radar and Wireless Communication (MIKON), 2016 21st International Conference, 9-11 May 2016.
[2] Francesco Merli, Jean-F. Zürcher, Angelo Freni and Anja K. Skrivervik, "Analysis, Design and Realization of a Novel Directive Ultrawideband Antenna", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 57, NO. 11, NOVEMBER 2009.
[3] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl and A. Ittipiboon, "Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook" Boston, USA: Artech House, 2001.
[4] M. Tariqul Islam, M. N. Shakib, N. Misran, and B. Yatim," Design of Compact Ultra wideband Patch Antenna for Wireless Communications".
[5] Eldek, Abdelnasser. "Ultra wideband microstrip antenna for phased array applications." In Radar Conference, 2007. EuRAD 2007. European, pp. 319-322. IEEE, 2007

Paper Title :: Hand Gesture Recognition Using Neural Networks & Image Processing
Author Name :: Chandra prabha R || Tejas Narayan S || Sagar
Country :: India
Page Number :: 56-61
Gestures are the basic mode of communication. The main aim is to recognise these gestures through modern day technology such as Image processing and Neural networks. In a laboratory or in homes user need to control various activities like lighting, air conditioning, ventilation, security and many house-hold appliances. To ease with these things we can use our hand gestures to switch automatically as per user convenience. Firstly there is a need to train the Neural Networks to recognise various hand gestures. As many as samples are given to inputs and outputs to train the neural networks. Images are captured by the camera are complex even if they are in greyscale the pixels will take wide range. There is a need convert the image into binary image. After image processing and training of Neural network we can recognise the HAND GESTURE.
KEYWORDS: Neural Networks, Image Processing, Smart Homes, Hand gesture.
[1]. J. P. Wachs' M. K olsch' H. Stern' and Y. Edan. Visionbased hand-gesture applications. Communications of the ACM' 2011' pp. 54-60.
[2]. M. Heim. Metaphysics of virtual reality. Oxford University Press' 1993.
[3]. O. A. v. Nierop' A. v. d. Helm' K. J. Overbeeke' and T. J. Djajadiningrat. A natural human hand model. The Visual Computer' 24(Computer Science):14' 2008.
[4]. J. Steuer. Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence. Journal of Communication' 1992'pp 73–93
[5]. Andrew Wilson and Aaron Bobick' "Learning visual behavior for gesture analysis"' IEEE Symposium on Computer Vision' 1995' pp 1-10.

Paper Title :: Implementation of Agricultural Fence Security Based RFID Technology
Author Name :: Chandra Prabha R || Rekha B.R || Sunil K || Sindhu K.S || Shalini N
Country :: India
Page Number :: 62-64
The problem of crop vandalization of wild animals is pronounced that sometimes farmers decide to leave the area barren due to wild animal attacks. The problem of a crop vandalization has become a major social problem in current time. The goal of the project is to construct a virtual fencing that functions similar to physical fencing with RFID and PIR sensors embedded so an illegal crossing of the patroller with RFID occurs an alert will be sent. A virtual fence is a barrier that uses electric shock to determine animals or people from crossing a boundary.
Keywords: RFID, PIR sensors, image processing
[1]. R. Ramani Assistant professor/ECE , Selvaraju Assistant professor/ECE S. Valarmathy Assistant professor/ECE (V.M.K.V ENGINEERING COLLEGE,SALEM TAMIL NADU INDIA) P. Nirnjan design engineer tatva software BENGALORE Design and implement a bank locker security system based on RFID and GSM technology.International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 57– No.18, November 2012
[2]. Abdelmoula Bekkali, Elyes Ben Hamida, and Abdullah Kadri Qatar Mobility Innovations Center, Doha, Qatar Email: abdelmoulab, elyesb, abdullahk@qmic.comKhaledShaaban Qatar University/Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Doha, Qatar Email: kshaaban@qu.edu.qa Journal of Traffic and Logistics Engineering, Vol,1, No. 2 December 2013Smart Tracking System for School Buses Using Passive RFID Technology to Enhance Child Safety.
[3]. Ashwin K.1, Aswin Perumal A.2, Krishnakumar S.3, Maheshwari M.4U.G. Scholar, Department of CSE, Anand Institute of Higher Technology, Kalasalingam Nagar, OMR, Kazhipattur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Anand Institute of Higher Technology, Kalasalingam Nagar, OMR, Kazhipattur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India .RFID Based Student Attendance and Monitoring System.Vol.3, Special Issue 1, February 2015
[4]. Grewal Kaushal, Rishabh Mishra, Neelam Chaurasiya, Paramdeep Singh RFID BASED SECURITY AND ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM USING ARDUINO WITH GSM MODULE IJEEE, Vol. 2, Issue 2 (April, 2015) e-ISSN: 1694-2310 | p-ISSN: 1694-2426
[5]. Stephen a. Weis, Sanjay E.Sarma, Ronald.L.Rivest a paper on "Security and Privacy aspects of low cost radio frequency identification Systems". P.O. Bishop, Neurophysiology of binocular vision, in J. Houseman (Ed.), Handbook of physiology, 4 (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1970) 342-366.

Paper Title :: Implementation of Automatic Kalashnikov with Sound and Human Detectors
Author Name :: Rashmi N || Karthik H R || Pradeep Kumar D || Prem Kumar K N || Thara Devi K
Country :: India
Page Number :: 65-72
The requirement of identifying the ally personnel at the border and during night, shooting them depending on the sound made by the rival personnel motivated us to take up this project. Conventional techniques uses IR rays to detect the movement of identifying human at the border but after confirming the image is human the soldiers have to take the action, it was not automatic. We in our research wish to execute the idea of making the whole process automatic without human interventions. The project is executed in three steps, can be done through important modules namely, Sound Detection System, Image Processing Module and Gun Shot Module. At the initial stage sound will be detected through Sound detection system, and is verified, whether the sound is from impulse sound sources especially a gun-shoot sound or bullet firing sound and then we detect the presence of human by using Image Processing Module. If it is found that the sound is generated from a gun-shoot system or bullet system then and presence of human is confirmed, gun trigger is pressed in that direction.
KEYWORDS: Sound Detectors, Gun Shot Module, Arduino Mega, Stepper Motor, SVM (Support Vector Machine), HoG (Histogram of Orieted Gradients).
[1] VivekBaruah, MarkandVyas,TrideepMahanta, "Auto Target detection of Humanoid and auto shooting using Sniper:A Design Approach," 2016 IEEE First International Conference on Control, Measurement and Instrumentation (CMI), 8-10 Jan 2016, 978-1-4799-1769-3.
[2] Ahmad Ali, HameedKausar, Imran Khan Muhammad, "Automated visual tracking and firing system," 2009 6th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Science and Technology, October 2010, 978-969-8741-07-5.
[3] E. Osuna, R. Freund, and F. Girosi, "Training Support Vector Machines: Application to face detection," Proceedings, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Puerto Rico, 1997, pp.130-136.
[4] Kosuke Mizuno, Yosuke Terachi, Kenta Takagi, Shintaro Izumi, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Masahiko Yashimoto, "Architectural Study of HOG Feature Extraction Processor for Real-Time Object Detection," 2012 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems(SPS), 17-19 Oct 2012, ISBN:978-1-4673-2986-6.
[5] T.H.S.Li, C.F.Lin, J.C.Juang, M.Mattice, S.Banks, "Fuzzy Logic Control of Gun Turret System," 1992 American Control Conference, 24-26 June 1992, 90-7803-0210-9.

Paper Title :: Implementation of honeybee persecute for honey extraction using quadcopter
Author Name :: Shilpa Hiremath || Chandraprabha R || Vidyadevi M || Dr. A Shobha Rani
Country :: India
Page Number :: 73-76
Bees make hives to store honey and feed themselves during winter, when they cannot go out to collect food. Wild honey bees make hives in rock cervices, hollow trees and other areas. In cities, they make their hives on the corners of the buildings. There are people who are hired to remove these hives from the buildings, huge trees etc as a common man is scared of bee stings. Removing hives is very dangerous and risky. Honey bee stings are quite painful and even life threatening to a large percentage of people who are allergic to the venom. Honey bees usually sting as a form of defence of themselves or their colony. The main idea is to build a RC controlled flying apparatus (unmanned aerial vehicle, quadcopter) which can fly to high altitudes and release smoke which drives away the bees. It has a RC controlled smoker unit which will release smoke; this smoke will calm down or drive away the honey bees, making it easier for the humans to remove the beehive.
KEYWORDS: Human safety, Ignition system, Quadcopter, Smoker unit.
[1]. Gaponov, Igor, and Anastasia Razinkova. "Quadcopter design and implementation as a multidisciplinary engineering course." Teaching, Assessment and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 2012 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2012
[2]. Desa, Hazry Bin, et al. "Flying apparatus for aerial agricultural application." U.S. Patent Application No. 13/701,503.
[3]. Sugano, Genji. "Device for automatic honey extraction from combs." U.S. Patent No. 2,631,307. 17 Mar. 1953
[4]. Shah, Mr Kalpesh N., MrBala J. Dutt, and HardikModh. "Quadrotor–An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." International Journal of Engineering Development and Research IJDER 2.1 (2014): 1299-1303.
[5]. Pounds, Paul, and Robert Mahony. "Design principles of large quadrotors for practical applications." Robotics and Automation, 2009. ICRA'09. IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2009.

Paper Title :: Pan & Tilt Motion Based Gyro Controlled Firing Gun
Author Name :: Babu Naik G || Mahipal Bhukya || Saurabh Singh || Pankaj Sharma || Malla Vamsi || Viplv
Country :: India
Page Number :: 77-81
This paper involves the complete system design and construction of a gun to replace an armed guard. We aimed to develop a compact and highly mobile defence system that allows operational flexibility. The gun can autonomously track and shoot at moving targets, while also allowing a user to remotely access and control the gun via computer. The mobility, hardiness, and functionality of this system allows a reliable replacement for human beings in harsh and hostile environments; ultimately sparing a life.
Keywords: Arduino microcontroller, Xbee transmitter and receiver, servomotor, Grosvenor
[1]. Real Sentry Gun, March 3, 2013, http://www.realsentrygun.com.
[2]. IEEE Std 1233, 1998 Edition, p. 4 (10/36), DOI: 10.1109/IEEESTD.1998.88826.
[3]. Senior Project Handbook 2011-2012, Electrical Engineering Dep.,California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 2011, pp. 20-21.
[4]. https://engineering.purdue.edu/ece477/Archive/2008/Spring/S08-Grp01/.../hw04.pdfwww.ardumotive.com/how-to-use-xbee-modules-as-transmitter--receiver-en.html
[5]. www.futureelectronics.com › Sensors

Paper Title :: Position and Velocity Estimation by Ultrasonic Sensor
Author Name :: N Ramarao || A R Subramanyam || J Charan Raj || Lalith B V || Varun K R
Country :: India
Page Number :: 82-86
Velocity and position are the most important signals used in industrial controllers such as proportional–integral–derivative controllers. While in some real-time applications like structural control, acceleration measurements are easily accessible via accelerometers. The velocity and position have to be estimated from the measured acceleration. This project proposes a strategy to estimate the velocity and position of neighbor agents using distance measurements only.
Journal Papers:
[1]. Ravichandran A and Dr. b Kalavathi Multi objects tracking methods based on particle filter and HMM , International Journal for trends in Engineering and technology volume 3 issue 1 –january 2015
Books:
[2]. Getting Started with Arduino(3rd edition)
-Massimo Banzico-founder of Arduino& Michael Shilo

Paper Title :: PV Source Integrated Micro-Grid for Power Quality Improvement using MPPT Technique
Author Name :: Madhu Palati || Manjunath R.D || Nagesh L || Niteesh S || Prashanth C
Country :: India
Page Number :: 87-91
The demand for Electrical energy is increasing day by day as it can be easily converted to another form of energy. All consumers expect Electrical energy with high power quality. Most of the commercial and industrial loads are inductive in nature and need power electronic circuits/ controllers to get smooth control of the equipment. This in turn leads to the injection of harmonics into the system, hence the power quality is affected. The above problem needs to be addressed and eliminated. In this paper, shunt active power filter is used to mitigate the harmonics. Id-Iq control is used to analyse the performance of the filter and is simulated using MATLAB software. MPPT controller is used to improve the power quality of the system.
Keywords: Harmonics, power quality, compensation, Shunt active filter, MPPT techni
[1]. Grady W.M and Santoso S,Understanding PowerSystem Harmonics,IEEE Power ENG. Rev.,21(11):8-11(2001).
[2]. J. C. Das, Passive Filter Potentials and Limitations,IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol 40, No.1, Jan/Feb 2004.
[3]. H. Akagi, Y. Tsukamoto, and A. Nabae, Analysis and design of an active power filter using quad-series voltage source PWM converters,IEEE Trans. Ind. Applications, vol. 26, pp. 93–98, Feb. 1990.
[4]. P. Verdelho and G. D. Marques, An active power filter and unbalanced current compensator,IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 44, pp. 321–328, June 1997.
[5]. João Afonso, Carlos Couto, Júlio Martins, Active Filters with Control Based on the p-q Theory, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Newsletter, Vol.47, No.3, pp.5-10, Sept 2000.

Paper Title :: Real Time Vehicle Tracking and Accident Prevention in School Bus
Author Name :: Vidya Devi || Hamsavahini R || Rakshitha R || Sahana J || Swathi K Upadhya || Manasa T
Country :: India
Page Number :: 92-95
The proposed project "Real Time Vehicle Tracking & Accident Prevention in School Bus" is a low cost system to track school bus in real time. Now-a-days we are observing a lot of accidents of school buses because of driver‟s carelessness. This system allows parents to know the exact routing details and the status of driver. Although there are many existing systems for vehicle tracking, drowsiness detection, and alcohol detection etc. separately, this proposed project combines all these features into a single system. Presently, none of the schools assures safety for the kids travelling through the school bus, this system aims at accident prevention providing safety and security to the students. Since the location of the school bus can also be tracked, "time management‟ becomes the major advantage of using this system.
Index Terms: Real time vehicle tracking, arduino, IR sensors, Eye blink sensor.
[1]. Vijay Savania, Hardik Agravata and Dhrumil Patela "Alcohol Detection and Accident Prevention of Vehicle ", International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering Volume 2, Issue 3, 2015
[2]. Seokju Lee, Girma Tewolde, Jaerock Kwon "Design and Implementation of Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS/GSM/ GPRS Technology and Smart Phone Application" IEEE world forum on IOT March 2014, Seoul.
[3]. S.Sahitya, N.Swetha, "Real Time Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS and GPRS", International Journal of Research in Computer and Communication Technology, Vol 3, Issue10,October-2014
[4]. Mashood Mukhtar, "GPS based Advanced Vehicle Tracking and Vehicle Control System", I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications, 2015, 03,1-12 Published Online February 2015 in MECS (http://www.mecs-press.org/) DOI: 10.5815/ijisa.2015.03.01
[5]. Sathe Pooja, " Vehicle Tracking System Using GPS" , International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), India Online ISSN: 2319-7064.

Paper Title :: Rgb Hexacode Based Lemon Segregation and Weight Detection System
Author Name :: Ozwin Dsouza || Amaresh || L Kiran Kumar || M N HarshanGowda || Bharath Kumar P
Country :: India
Page Number :: 96-99
In large agriculture sectors collection and segregation of different products and similar products are done by humans, which requires lot of time and more number of labors, Which would result in high capital investment and not reliable. During harvesting the lemons may be ripe, not ripped and some even spoilt, before transportation the farmer needs to have a check on the status, quantity and weight of these lemons. This gives an idea to computerize the entire process by the use of color sensor. Depending on the color of the fruit, we get the RGB values which helps us to differentiate between themselves. Improving post agricultural process efficiency can contribute greatly to reducing post production costs of lemons, making the industry more competitive and sustainable. The objective is to lessen the human effort in every way possible thereby saving time, making the process error free and make agriculture an economical process.
Keywods: RGB, ARDUINO, LCD, BO mot
[1]. "Economic Development and policy in India – Agriculture labor in India", Dr. Anupama Rajput, Scool of open learning Delhi University
[2]. "Smart farming system using sensors for agricultural task automation", Chethan D, Ganesh Ram, Jaganathan S, R. Priyatharshini, Technological Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR), 2015 IEEE Conference.
[3]. "IoT based Smart Agriculture", Nikesh Gondchawar, Prof. Dr. R. S. Kawitkar, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016
[4]. "Smart Farm: Extending Automation To The Farm", Drishti Kanjilal, Divyata Singh, Rakhi Reddy, Prof Jimmy Mathew, International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research Volume 3, Issue 7, July 2014

Paper Title :: Room Temperature Electrical Conductivity Estimation of Al-Si-fly ash Cenosphere Composites
Author Name :: T. C. Balachandra || H. D. Kattimani
Country :: India
Page Number :: 100-107
This paper presents the results of an attempt made to review the various methods to measure the electrical conductivity of metals, composites and foams – a new class of material. Among the various methods reviewed, it is found that the van der Pauw method is reliable and gives accurate results for homogenous sheet specimens especially disc shaped specimens. Some results of conductivity measurements with wire samples are also highlighted. This paper demonstrates the broad applicability of the van der Pauw technique in estimating room temperature electrical conductivity of Al-Si-fly-ash cenosphere composites which helps in its characterization and identification of certain crucial mechanical properties. Some details of room temperature electrical conductivity measurements for disc shaped specimens having a small thickness to area ratio are reported. The variation of electrical conductivity at room temperature with percentage by weight of al-si cenosphere appears to follow the power law.
KEYWORDS: electrical Conductivity; van der Pauw technique, eddy currents; Aluminium fly-ash; cenosphere composite.
[1]. P Dharmasena and H.N.G Wedley, "Electrical conductivity of open cell metal foams". J.Mater, Res., vol.17,No.3, Mar 2002.
[2]. L.J. van der PAUW, "A method of measuring specific resistivity and Hall Effect of discs of arbitrary shape", Philips Res. Repts 13, 1-9, 1958 (No.1).
[3]. L.J. van der PAUW, "A method of measuring the resistivity and Hall coefficient of lamellae of arbitrary shape", Phillips Tech. Rev. 16, 187, 1961.
[4]. Xiandong Ma and A.J. Peyton, "Eddy current measurement of the electrical conductivity and porosity of metal foams". IEEE transaction on instrumentation and measurement, vol. 55, no.2, April 2006.
[5]. Yi Feng, Haiwu Zheng, Zhengang Zhu, Fangqiou Zu " The microstructure and electrical conductivity of aluminum alloy foams", Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol 78, Pg 196-201, 2002.

Paper Title :: Surveillance Robot based on Image Processing
Author Name :: Anjini Ratish P || Darshan Sindhe D || Nagaraj K || Rajeshwar N S || Ravindra V. Asundi
Country :: India
Page Number :: 108-112
This project attempts to provide surveillance to a particular area with the help of a chained robot which will roam the entire given area with randomness. The module uses image processing techniques to observe the environment and notifies the control station. Three main aspects of the project are to maunder in a given area with randomness, observe changes in the environment through captured images and provide parking surveillance. The robot is equipped with ultrasonic sensors and proximity sensors for self guidance purpose. Once the robot is powered, its autonomy nature will guide towards the randomness. Camera module is used to capture images of environment and detects changes. It notifies the control station if necessary changes have been detected. Parking surveillance system is another feature which will identify the number plate of the vehicle approaching to the parking lobby and verifies for wrong parking in a parking spot.
KEYWORDS: Surveillance, Image Processing, Background Subtraction, Motion Detection
[1]. Elgammal, Ahmed, David Harwood, and Larry Davis. "Non-parametric model for background subtraction." Computer Vision—ECCV 2000 (2000): 751-767.
[2]. Huang, Shih-Chia. "An advanced motion detection algorithm with video quality analysis for video surveillance systems." IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for video technology 21.1 (2011): 1-14.
[3]. Jacob Gold berger, Sam Roweis, and Ruslan Salakhutdinov Geoff Hinton. "Neighbourhood components analysis." NIPS'04 (2004).
[4]. Soucy, Pascal, and Guy W. Mineau. "A simple KNN algorithm for text categorization." Data Mining, 2001. ICDM 2001, Proceedings IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2001.
[5]. Du, Shan, et al. "Automatic license plate recognition (ALPR): A state-of-the-art review." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 23.2 (2013): 311-325.

Paper Title :: Underground Cable Fault Detection and alert
Author Name :: Sujay S || R Monisha || Prathibha || Rekha Murthy
Country :: India
Page Number :: 113-118
In this paper, it is intended to detect the location of fault in underground cables and alert the concerned authority in the control room. In the urban areas, electrical cables run underground instead of overhead transmission lines. Most of the European countries use underground cables for power distribution, whenever a fault occurs in underground cables it is difficult to detect the exact location of the fault since it is buried 2 to 4 feet underground, in this project we try to rectify this problem by proposing a solution which is suitable to the digital world.Here power resistors are used in place of underground cables. The fault is stimulated by using a set of toggle switches. A relay is used to trip the circuit in case of overloading and hence protecting the system from any further damage. A 16x2 LCD display is connected to the microcontroller to display voltage levels across the different lines and the load.In case of short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across series resistors change accordingly, which is then fed to an ADC to provide precise digital data to a programmed Renesas board that further displays the location of fault in meters. This information is sent to the operator through a text message by using a GSM module and also notifies the control room through an audio message by making use of a MP3 module linked with a speaker.
KEYWORDS: Underground cables, Fault, Renesas board, GSM module, MP3 module.
[1]. Qinghai Shi, Troeltzsch U, Kanoun O. Detection and localization of cable faults by time and frequency domain measurements. Conf. Systems and Signals and Devices, 7th International conference, Amman.2010; 1-6.
[2]. B. Clegg, Underground Cable Fault Location. New York: McGrawHill, 1993.
[3]. M.-S. Choi, D.-S. Lee, and X. Yang, ―A line to ground fault location algorithm for underground cable system,‖ KIEE Trans. Power Eng., pp. 267–273, Jun. 2005.
[4]. E. C. Bascom, ―Computerized underground cable fault location expertise, ‖in Proc. IEEE Power Eng. Soc. General Meeting, Apr. 10–15,1994, pp. 376–382.J. Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, 3rded., vol. 2. Oxford: Clarendon, 1892, pp.68–73.
[5]. K.K. Kuna, Prof. K. Warwick, ―Real-time expert system for fault location on high voltage underground distribution cables‖, IEEE PROCEEDINGS-C, Vol. 139, No. 3, MAY 1992.

Paper Title :: Vehicular Overload Detection and Protection
Author Name :: H. D. Kattimani || Meghana N R || Nagashree B || Sahana Munegowda || Vijayalakshmi S
Country :: India
Page Number :: 119-122
The growth of every country's economy is measured by the growth of its transport infrastructure. With the gradual development of economy, the scale of transportation industry continues to expand. The problem of overload in the vehicle transport has emerged. Therefore, how simple and conveniently to know the vehicle load and how to effectively limit overload has become a key issue. Vehicle load control system integration device can detect conveniently vehicle load to prevent overloading of vehicle and improve vehicle safety and it can effectively reduce heavy work of the vehicle load testing station and improve work efficiency in transport sector.
KEYWORDS: Overloading , Road safety, Vehicle protection
[1] A.A. Mulla1, Z. A. Mulla2, Microcontroller based weighing machine,
[2] Jun Li1, Yanzhao Su1, Jinli Xie1,Yangjiao Xu1& Lei Ji1,2 Research of the Vehicle Load Control System Integration Device . Studies in Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 2; August 2014.
[3] Mohamed Rehan Karim1*, Ahmad Saifizul Abdullah1, Hideo Yamanaka2, Airul Sharizli Abdullah1, Rahizar Ramli1
Degree of Vehicle Overloading and its Implication on Road Safetyin Developing Countries
[4] Impact analysis:Supreme Court's order on overload,february 2006
[5] Sadaqat Ullah Khana , Tehmina Ayubb,*, Adnan Qadira,Effect of overloaded vehicles on the performance of highway bridge girder: A case study How Payload worksbY john fulle R auto | vehicle towing capacity
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