Vol. 02, No. 11 [November 2016]

In this paper, Lyapunov Theory is combining with fuzzy merging algorithm to solve the non-linear solutions. The non-linear points are found using fuzzy c-means merging by reciprocating the distance. The Gaussian weights are used in combining the fuzzy merging with Lyapunov Theory. A vector equals the centers of two points; the weights are concentrated mostly on widely distributed region than the points in central regions. This provides the ideal solution for non-linear points by collecting the values associated with distributed regions.
Keywords: Fuzzy Merging Algorithm, Lyapunov Theory, Non-linear Points, Gaussian Weights

The potential application of some natural spanish clays in the retention of CO2 was investigated. Temperature-Programmed Desorption experiments monitored by both thermogravimetry and mass spectrometry, combined with infrared spectroscopy, after treatments with CO2 at r.t. under dynamic conditions were used to evaluate its interaction with the clays. This study was performed not only over the raw materials but also after cationic exchange with NaCl followed by intercalation of a polyalcohol dendrimer. Additionally, textural, structural and compositional characterization of the clays by means of N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDS and granulometry was carried out. The results indicate that although the raw clays exhibit some intrinsic capacity to capture CO2, this can be increased by further intercalation of the polyalcohol. Moreover, the strength of the CO2 interaction and therefore the possibility of regeneration of the clays upon saturation can be modulated by their nature and the amount of dendrimer employed. Finally, after screening the powdered clays, those showing the best performance were selected to manufacture clay-based honeycomb monoliths, an advantaged design for applications which require treating high flows of polluted effluents. For this, both extrusion of clay doughs and deposition over a preformed clay-based honeycomb support by washcoating methods were considered.
Keywords: Air pollution control;carbon sequestration; clay; CO2; honeycomb monoliths

E-Learning systems provides mechanisms to simulation of paper-based testing used in traditional learning systems, E-Learning systems such as "Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment" (Moodle) system provides tools to implement web based examinations, managing and calculations of grades of the students in the courses. The questions are graded either automatically by this system or manually by the teacher. Many question types such as "True/ False" and "Matching" in this system are automatically graded because the system can save specific optimal answers and grades for these questions and it performs assessments of the student's answers and evaluate the grades according to the optimal answers. "Essay" question type in this system is manually graded by the teacher by using "Manual grading' interface and impossible to grade automatically because the system doesn't save its specific optimal answers for this question type. This system allows the teacher to change the grades were automatically graded or manually graded via "Single view" report; this may cause contradiction in assessment of the student's answers and considers a loophole (drawback) in graded process. We propose in this paper processing to this drawback in the system.
Keywords: "Quiz" activity, Moodle, manually graded, automatically graded, Gradable item.