Vol. 2, No. 1 [January 2016]:

Application of the Standards of Project Management (Project Management Institute, 2013) have been recognized as a major contributing factor to the successful outcome across major projects within the U. S Government and its agencies. The size and scope of programs that engage stakeholders within governmental agencies, across agencies, and among industry partners, ensure their resources are carefully planned and require analysis of risk in order to reach successful and impactful results as defined by the project objectives and endorsed by key stakeholders. By utilizing PMI's Project Lifecycle Phases and Project Management Knowledge Areas (Project Management Institute, 2013), research into specific knowledge areas within program and project management will be explored in order to identify the contributing factors of success. We expect that the conclusions drawn from this research will validate the findings of other research and publications about the shift of task oriented project management to a more people management oriented discipline. Our hypothesis is that Project Management, as a discipline, has evolved towards inclusion and collaboration as part of the planning, organization, execution and closure of future project management processes. We expect that knowledge areas related to soft skills will rate higher. The ADS-B presents a great opportunity to validate this hypothesis due to the fact that it is a recently completed known project and presents more modern project management trends throughout its lifecycle.
KEYWORDS –Collaboration,FAA, Project Management, Project Lifecycle, Governmen

Various routing protocols and techniques are being included in wireless network and making it an area for further research. Congestion avoidance and security are the major areas in Wireless routing which are having research focus. Improved Routing Security is being proposed in this work which will provide the routing protocol security using validating a node for identification which is being distributed to each node through protocol.. Various researchers have identified the issues related with it and proposed various mechanism to solve this problem. This work proposes a new algorithm based on reputation and key based security for the MANET to improve the security. The basic algorithm is based on reputation value of the communicating node i.e. it should be comparable with each other for accepting nodes in the network. Once reputation is found to be comparable node exchange the keys for further communication.
Keywords— MANET, Reputation, Multi pattern Key, DSDV.

Remaining oil research is one of the important research work in oil field development geology, reservoir engineering and production technology. At present, the remaining oil research methods are: core analysis, development of geological methods, seismic methods, micro structure method, water drive characteristic curve method, reservoir numerical simulation method, testing method, experimental analysis method, etc.. Yu Qitai put forward to enter the high water cut period after the remaining oil enrichment at the top of the positive rhythm of the oil layer, layer and layer of the low permeability of the interlayer between the existence of the injection water has not affected the area; the edge of the reservoir zone. At present, there are commonly used for tapping the potential of means or technology: improve the well network, adjusting liquid flow direction, horizontal well drilling, polymer content flooding, gas flooding and microbial flooding. It is difficult to describe the remaining oil accurately and completely by a single technique. Multidisciplinary integrated research and comprehensive application of various technologies is the best way to describe the remaining oil in detail and accurately.
Keywords: Remaining oil, Geological method, Distribution pattern, integration

This paper reports on an optimization of SAW process by the effects of Titanium powder on hardness by applying Taguchi methods to improve the quality of Submerged arc welding, and engineering development of designs for studying variation. IS 2062 steel is used as the work piece material for carrying out the experimentation to optimize the optimal parameter for higher hardness. There are three machining parameters i.e. current, electrode stick out and flux. Taguchi orthogonal array is designed with three levels of parameters with the help of software Minitab 15. In the first run nine experiments are performed and hardness is calculated. The hardness was considered as the quality characteristic with the concept of "the larger-the-better". The S/N ratio for the larger-the-better Where n is the number of measurements in a trial/row, in this case, n=1 and y is the measured value in a run/row. The S/N ratio values are calculated by taking into consideration with the help of software Minitab 15. The hardness values measured from the experiments and their optimum value for maximum hardness Every day scientists are developing new materials and for each new material, we need economical and efficient welding. It is also predicted that Taguchi method is a good method for optimization of various machining parameters as it reduces the number of experiments. The optimal value of Hardness is maximum on the parameter when current is 350 ampere, electrode stick out 25 mm and flux 3 is used. After all study it was found titanium powder is helpful to increase hardness of weld in submerged arc welding.
Index Terms— SAW welding, optimization, orthogonal array, ANOVA, S/N ratio.

As per the United Nation's report, the urban population in India is going to reach more than 600 million by 2031, increase of around 40% of the population. Currently, almost 10 percent of Indian GDP is based on construction activities and is important for Indian economy. However, this resulted in environmental degradation. Natural resources degradation (Air, soil, and water etc.) and increasing toxic waste due to urbanization has become a challenge for an economy to sustain. The sustainable urban management has become one of the important issues these days. Recently developed Green Building Concept is the potential solution and key to sustainable urban development. It is the practice of increasing efficiency with which buildings use resources – energy, water and materials – while reducing building impacts on human health and the environment. These practices are healthy and more resources efficient in the process of siting, construction, renovation, operation, maintenance and demolition. This consists of life cycle assessment (LCA) based planning for green building. Therefore, all the suitable technologies and innovative ideas available in different areas depending on local resources are suitable to make the green building environment- friendly. Green building technology is thus undergoing constant changes and getting more improved with the time. Government should also ensure proper guidelines for sustainable construction activity to implement this concept and to reduce environmental degradation.
Keywords: Green Building, Impacts, Sustainable Development, Urbanization

The perception of 3D scene with stereovision is the capability of human vision but it is a challenge to computer systems. The challenge is to obtain 3D geometric shape information from planar images. This is termed as 3D reconstruction. It is usually done in a piece-wise fashion by identifying various planes of the scene and from those planes constructing a representation of the whole. The image is captured from a calibrated camera. The captured image is perspectively distorted. These distortions are removed by corner point estimation. The selected points give the true dimensions in the input image using view metrology. Then a 3D geometrical model is constructed in VRML according to true dimensions from metrology. In rendering, a texture map is created to each corresponding surface of a polygon in VRML model. VRML supports for walkthrough to a rendered model, through which different views are generated.

A new ripple current cancellation network (RCN) using Tapped inductor at the input of the boost converter with high conversion ratio is presented in this paper. This converter provides continuous input current and reduces the size and weight of the converter compared with the conventional Boost Converter (CBC). The tapped inductor can be easily realized by adding an extra tap in the main inductor of the CBC. Since the capacitor and inductor in the RCN do not need to handle the main power as the conventional LC input filter. A ripple current cancellation technique injects alternating current into the output voltage bus of a converter that is equal and opposite to the normal converter ripple current. The proposed converter is compared with conventional Interleaved Boost topology (IBC) shows that input current ripple cancellation in various power ranges without increasing the losses. The tapped inductor technology based DC—DC converter is an integration of boost converter with coupled inductors. The tapped converter of the classical switch –mode power converter is an extension of the conventional switch mode power converters. Using the tapped configuration the control parameter of the converter can be using tapping. The proposed converter has two modes in one operational period. This converter is controlled by switch S. Design for a 500W converter is conveyed in this paper with input voltages taken as 36V and output voltages of 50V is done for a switching frequency of 100 kHz. The duty cycle of the boost converter during the steady operation is 0.3 and turns ratio of tapped inductor is 2(10:20). The converter is simulated for both modes of operation using PSIM. Output levels are obtained as per the design values for converter operations. This converter shares the same characteristic of CBC and input current ripple cancellation can be achieved by adding one capacitor and one inductor without significantly increasing the current stress and losses. Simulation results conveys the operability of the converter structure.
Keywords: TAPPED INDUCTOR,INTER LEAVED BOOST CONVERTER

Image matching is the process of bringing two images geometrically into agreement so that matching pixels in the two images matches to the same physical region of the area being imaged. Matching algorithms plays a key role in deciding correspondences between two image scenes. The matching algorithms are of two types area based matching and feature based matching. This paper aims to present a review of various image matching methods.
KEYWORDS –DEM,FSIFT, Image matching, Phase Correlation, SIFT, SURF.

Recent development in microwave communications technology, especially in telecommunications and broadcasting has resulted in congestion in the frequencies lower than 10GHz. This has made it necessary for microwave designers and planners to look for high frequencies. But frequencies greater than 10GHz, rain becomes one of the main factors of signal attenuation. At frequencies from 10GHz upwards, rain drop sizes lead to outage of signal that compromises the availability and quality of service, thus making it a critical factor that affect the quality of service. The research is aimed at conducting analysis of raw data collected from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and data retrieved from archive Galaxy Backbone plc, from April-October, 2012 and April-October, 2013 to examine the effect of rain drops rate on digital broadcasting satellite (DBS) system at KU-band frequency. Result obtained from the two institutional organizations showed that the rain rate in the month of August is the highest with a value of 35.72mm/hr for the year 2012 and lowest being the month of April with a value of 7.95mm/hr. This show that the higher the rain intensity the shorter the period of rain. The impact of the rain rate in the month of August on the DBS signal will be significant compared to that it would be for the month of April. The same can be said of the month of June, July and September of the year 2013. Also it can be observed that the average rain rate in the year 2013 is much more than observed for the year 2012.
Key-words: DBS system, KU-band frequency, microwave frequency, rain rate and signal attenuation

A mathematical optimization is the process of minimizing (or maximizing) a function. The minimum of a function is a critical point and corresponds to gradient (or derivative) of 0. The research work presented in this paper deals with unconstrained minmax problem where the objective function is the maximum of a finite number of smooth convex functions. Obviously, that function is convex but may not be necessarily differentiable. Thus, we can't use gradient method. When gradient information of the objective function is unavailable, unreliable or 'expensive' in terms of computation time, the approximate optimization is ideal. More precisely, we focus on necessary optimality conditions for approximate minima in minmax problem. Firstly, we followed all the details about convex optimization, optimality conditions, subgradient and subdifferential as well as approximate optimization. We present unbiassed and sharp result using standard theorems and references. In here Carathéodory's theorem plays very important role to get our result.
Key-words: approximate, convex, differentiable, optimization, unconstrai

Most enterprise has applied their smart business capabilities to management activities in order to raise the performance of business execution in a global management environment. The measurement for the performance of a firm's smart business execution should be performed to efficiently build and improve the smart business capability appropriate for its management and business departments. A measurement instrument needs to effectively measure a firm's smart business performance in order to manage and improve its smart management capability. We verified the validity and reliability of the developed instrument by factor analysis and reliability analysis based on previous studies. This researchprovides a 12-item instrument that can reasonably gauge a firm smart business performance in a total performance perspective.
Key-words: Smart business, Business performance, Smart business performance, Measurement factors and items, Structural instrument

The objective of the work describes the observation and construction of low cost solution for temperature and humidity monitor and control using touch screen and character LCD Display for industrial, laboratory and house-hold uses. In this paper a low cost embedded system based temperature and humidity monitor and control is built using AVR ATmega16 Microcontroller, Resistive Touch Screen and DHT11 (Temperature and Humidity Sensor). This model is purely electronics with high sensitivity and less error probability.
Key-words: Touch Screen, AVR Microcontroller, Temperature Control, Humidity Control, DHT11, Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Temperature Monitoring

Ni-based nano-layers were electrodeposited on low alloy carbon steel substrate using alkali electrolyte at current density 20 mA/cm2 for 30 min. The effect of co-deposited elements (Fe, Mo) on the morphology, mechanical and electrochemical properties of deposited layer, has been investigated. SEM image of the deposited films exhibited a nodular structure having a grain size in the range of ~4- 7 nm. Based on EDAX analysis, the pure Ni layer was electrodeposited from pure electrolytes containing Ni-salts. The Ni-Fe alloy was composed of 96% Ni, 3% Fe, and 1% O. On the other hand.The chemical analysis of Ni-Mo binary alloy had the following analysis; 65% Ni, 33% Mo, 2% O. The ternary alloy, Ni-Mo-Fe contained 46% Ni, 49% Mo, 1% Fe, and 4% O. The oxygen content detected, increased with increasing the molybdenum content in the electrodeposited layer. According to XRD, multiple peaks representing pure Ni, Ni- and Mo solid solutions (ss), as well as intermetallic compounds were detected. The degree of crystallinity of Ni-based nano-deposits was decreased by the presence of alloying elements. The hydrogen evolution on Ni-Mo-Fe nano-deposit examined in sea water electrolytes was accompanied by low cathodic Tafel's constant βc (50.2 mV/decade), and low over- potential (-850 V). This leads to high hydrogen evolution capability, where the volume of hydrogen evolved by cathodic electrolysis of sea water was 8 mL/hr. This ternary Ni-Mo-Fe deposit showed high corrosion resistance (1.7x 10-3mm/y), in sea water.
Key-words: Nanodepsoits, electrodeposition, Ni-based alloys, HER, sea water electrolysis.

Wood- cement bonded particle boards were manufactured by exposing the particles ( Sawdusts and wood shavings) to water temperature treatments of 50oC, 60oC,70oC,80oC and 90oC respectively. The dried particles were mixed together at ratio 5: 1 by the inclusion of cement at ratio 2: 3. 3% aluminium Chloride was later added to the mixture. The set up was airdried and filled into moulds while pressure was applied manually to the formed mat. The results of the physical and mechanical properties of the produced boards showed the following range of values; water absorption (22.20-27.00%), thickness/swelling (11.00-16.07%), Linear expansivity(10.90-15.20%) and modulus of rupture (3.78-5.20)N/mm2. Stronger and stiffer boards with good dimensional stability were obtained at temperature between 50oC -80oC, while at temperature 80oC, the bonded particle boards were observed to be weaker. Sawdusts and Shavings are strong contenders for Wood –Cement bonded particle board production.
Key-words: Properties, Pre-treatment, Board properties, Wood-cement.

A proposal for carrying out research work in mobile communications is outlined. A sample result on scintillation is discussed. The result found in agreement with the published plot.
Key-words: cellular systems, path loss, millimeter waves, absorption, personel communications.

Digital inpainting can be described as a technique of filling gaps or occlusions in an input image for making it more visually plausible. It is a method of image reconstruction. We know that image reconstruction is done to recover degeneration or degradation caused to the images due to some image processing activities. The filling of gaps or lost area is done using data from remaining region of the image. Depending on several applications there are number of inpainting techniques available. The major aim of this paper is to do a comparative study on these techniques to understand and criticize the effectiveness of each.
Key-words: Digital image inpainting, PDE, Image painting.

Web pages are full of interesting items people have never got familiar with. Mobile users often encounter new items interesting them, when they are Web browsing with their smartphones and tablet PCs. They usually find the new interesting items fro m pinpoint information such as one piece of phrase. To identify interests of web users, many existing methods utilize logs of Web pages the users visited. They cannot identify items the users get interested for the first time. This paper proposes two methods to estimate new pinpoint items interesting the users. One is the method with touch operations to estimate interested items. The other is the method with pupil reactions to estimate them. A part of a web page a user looks at is regarded as their interested items when touch operations or pupil reactions make a response relating on their interests. The methods can deal with users' interests, because touch operations and pupil reactions show their current interests. Users are able to enjoy the services provided according to their estimated pinpoint and current interests after the estimation of the interested items. When the proposed method with touch gestures estimates interested items, we calculated the precision, the recall and the F-measure for every subject. The mean of the precision, the recall and the F-measure are 0.691, 0.491, and 0.522, respectively. Similarly, when the proposed method with pupil reactions estimates interested items, we calculated the precision, the recall and the F-measure for every subject. The mean of the precision, the recall and the F-measure are 0.856, 0.426, and 0.483, respectively. Additionally, we focus on the evaluation results of each user. We discuss which methods should be used in each case.
Key-words: Interest, Mobile Terminal, Pupil Movement, Recommendation, Touch Gest

This paper provide data privacy in cloud in encrypted form. And that encrypted data searching through fuzzy technique. Multi-keyword fuzzy search can afford the misspelling which lead to larger index file scan and higher index complexity. This scheme is secure, efficient and accurate because of novel multi-keyword fuzzy search scheme by exploiting the locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) technique. Fuzzy matching is performed through search algorithm design.
Key-words: Cloud computing, searchable encryption, privacy-preserving, fuzzy keyword search, ranked index.

Exploring the Geotechnical properties of soil in Amassoma, Bayelsa state to determine how soil behaviour influences the suitability of the soil for construction purpose. Soil classification indexes can be used to determine engineering properties such as drainage, compression and expansion characteristics of the soil. 6 soil samples collected at regular intervals of 1m, 2m, 2m, 4m, 5m and 6m was used for this investigation. Samples were subjected to laboratory analysis to determine their index properties. Sieve analysis test carried out showed in samples collected at 1m to 3m was composed of 70% sand and silt and less than 5% fines with no gravel content, samples collected at 4m and 5m was composed of 60% clay and silt and less than 5% sand, no gravel content was observed. The results from Atterberg experiment showed that the soil Liquid Limit(LL) for samples 1-3 ranges from 30.005-55.04%, Plastic Limit(PL) 24.42%-28.37% and Plastic Index(PI) 21.20%-21.50% while sample 4-6 is in the range of 50.42%-54.04% for Liquid Limit(LL), 30.53%-30.69% for Plastic Limit(PL) and 19.20%-19.25% for Plastic Index(PI). The moisture content ranges from 25.73%-38.265 for sample 1-3 and 29.19%-31.88% for sample 4-6 respectively. The results revealed that the Amassoma soil varies in their characteristics and pattern of distribution with respect to depth. The soil type in Amassoma is classified as siltysand, medium to high plasticity comprises inorganic silts and inorganic elastic clay based on the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). This implies that the Amassoma soil is highly compressed and therefore is recommended for use for construction purposes.
Key-words: Soil Classification, Sieving, Atterberg Limit, Unified Soil Classification System

Wind energy is renewable andenvironment friendly, which can be connected for various uses. A precise knowledge of wind energy regime is a pre-requisite for the efficient planning and implementation of any wind energy project. The main purpose of this paper is to perform an investigation on the wind energy potential inNinava Governorate in the northern area of Iraq. Therefore, in this study, wind data collected over a period ofnearly three decades at five different locations in order to figure out the wind energy potential in this region. The data from selected stations were analyzed using the two-parameters of Weibull probability distribution.
Key-words: Weibull distribution, Wind power density, Weibull parameter, Wind